Question: What are the advantages and disadvantages of topical anaesthetics?

Answer: Table 1 shows the advantages and disadvantages of topical anaesthetics:

Advantages	Disadvantages
	Local anaesthetic creams	Ethyl chloride spray
Topical anaesthetic creams such as can Ametop (amethocaine) EMLA (lignocaine/prilocaine), or ethyl chloride spray can be very effective in reducing the pain of cannulation.	Expensive Onset time 30-45 minutes Can make cannulation more difficult (vasoconstriction) May cause rashes Caution with EMLA in small babies as there is a risk of methaemoglobinaemia	Expensive May be uncomfortable (cold ++) Inflammable

Table 1 Advantages and disadvantages