The brachial artery lies medial in the antecubital fossa deep to the bicipital aponeurosis.

The brachial artery must be avoided during venous cannulation.

Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) are inserted via the basilic vein or the median cubital vein, which drain directly into the axillary vein. The cephalic vein runs in the deltopectoral groove and then passes deep to the clavipectoral fascia to reach the axillary vein. The presence of a valve at this point, and an acute angle, makes it less reliable for PICC insertion.