The main function of the lungs is gas exchange between air in the alveoli and blood in the pulmonary circulation, to supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide.
To achieve this, inspired gas must be delivered to the alveoli, which provides a huge surface area for diffusion into the blood flowing in the pulmonary circulation, which then returns to the heart for distribution to the body’s tissues.
The system must be capable of responding to changes in need, particularly during exercise when a 10-fold increase in oxygen requirement can occur.
Question: How big is the area for alveolar gas exchange in an adult?
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The main function of the lungs is gas exchange between air in the alveoli and blood in the pulmonary circulation, to supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide.
To achieve this, inspired gas must be delivered to the alveoli, which provides a huge surface area for diffusion into the blood flowing in the pulmonary circulation, which then returns to the heart for distribution to the body’s tissues.
The system must be capable of responding to changes in need, particularly during exercise when a 10-fold increase in oxygen requirement can occur.
Question: How big is the area for alveolar gas exchange in an adult?
Answer: 80-90 m2, approximately half the size of a singles tennis court.